Growth Explained

Shoot & Root growth: Plants have three types of root systems: taproot, with a main taproot that is larger and grows faster than the branch roots. The fibrous root is where all the roots are the same size. The adventitious roots form on any other plant part other than the roots. 

Meristem: A region of plant tissue consisting of actively dividing cells that forms new tissue. This allows the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen. It permits the growth of stems and roots. It transports sugar and water and attracts pollinators to a plant. 

Primary/secondary growth: Primary growth occurs at the apical mersitems where the structure is elongated. Secondary growth is an increase in the thickness of the shoots and roots of a vascular plant as a result of the formation of new cells in the cambium. While primary growth is elongated, secondary growth is increased in width. 

Vascular & cork cambium: The vascular cambium is the cambium present in between the xylem and phloem of a vascual bundle. The cork cambium is the tissue in the stem of a plan that gives rise to cork on its outer surface and a layer of cells containing chlorophyll on its inner surface. The cork cambium develops outside the vascular tissues while the vascular cambium is a remnant of the apical meristem.

Hormones involved: The auxin is a plant hormone that causes the elongation of cells in shoots and is involved in regulating plant growth. It regulates root formation, bud growth, and fruit and leaf drop. The cytokinin is produced by the roots and traveling upward through the xylem. It promotes tissue growth, budding, and on application, retard plan senescence. 

Tropism: My plant exhibited phototropism in which it grew toward the direction of sunlight because it was placed on my bedroom window sill. 

This is said window sill that babu the pea lived...all by himself.